Objectives: (1) To identify major household typologies that exist in the study area, (2) To assess resource use efficiency and opportunities for sustainable intensification differ across household typologies, (3) to identify combination of technological (variety, tillage, S&W management etc.), social, economic, policy and institutional options lead to sustainable intensification under different climate change scenarios; Women, Work and Wage Equity in the Agricultural Sectors of Morocco; Measure and understand underlying reasons for the gender wage gaps in agricultural labor. Migration, Gender, Decisionmaking Power and the Environment in the Saiss Region of Morocco: understand reasons for migration to urban areas and describe key intervention options to create an enabling environment (e.g. economic, legal, land tenure, access to resources) for the rural population and farmers differentiated by gender and age;
Methods: (1) Principal component analysis and the Hierarchical Ascendant Classification (HAC) approaches will be considered for establishing farm typologies using variables which exhibit high variability among all households [objective (1)]; Comparisons on resource use efficiencies for water, land, labour and chemical inputs (such as fertilizers and pesticides) across different household typologies as the basis to identify associations that exist between certain variables characterizing household typologies and resource use efficiency [objective (2)]; Whole farm bioeconomic modelling (Dynamic Agricultural Household Bioeconomic Simulation Model - DAHBSIM for scenarios analyses to identify best-bet combined interventions; Data was collected through qualitative research and a survey administered to 400 labourers to inform the study, using gender analysis, and logistic regression models framework. Data will also be segregated by age to enrich gender
analysis of wage gap, migration, working conditions and control over assets and income.
Gender dimension: The development of household typologies will help in establishing the different social groups in the system. The farm typologies will then be used in the model for measuring the impacts of different interventions and climate change on the whole system in general and on the different social groups (men, women, youth, children, the poor, the rich, etc.) in particular; systemic context analysed in research, when identifying the origin of differences between female and male agricultural labourers; identification of measures to create an enabling environment for farmers and the rural population not to migrate analysis main systemic elements and drivers into account;